What is a disease vector?

A disease vector is an animal that acquires a pathogen (e.g., something that causes sickness like a virus, bacteria, or parasitic worm) from one organism to another. The pathogens are typically able to mature or replicate—make more of themselves—inside the vector. 

Vectors are significant because they can negatively impact plant and animal health. Understanding vector biology helps determine which diseases a plant, person, or pet might contract because certain pathogens can only be transmitted by specific vectors. The first and best step to limit vector-borne diseases is to limit contact with vectors by wearing protective clothing and planting crops in seasons when vectors are not present.