Farmers must balance growing a bountiful food supply at a wage that supports their family and workers, all while protecting the Earth. Climate changes also impact the work of farmers. Less days for planting and harvesting increase the need for reliance on government safety nets. An increase in large rain events also lead to more water quality issues. Below are some of the problems farmers face.
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Market Instability: In the last couple of years, crop and livestock farmers have had to figure out how best to respond to fluctuations in prices and markets associated with trade wars, COVID-19 disruptions, and changes in federal programs. They need to decide what to raise, how to market, and whether to participate in different federal risk management or relief programs. They are also facing increased mergers among companies that make up the rest of the larger agri-food supply chain, which diminishes the power and freedom of independent farmers in the marketplace. This instability leads to higher bankruptcy rates, increased farmer stress, and health concerns.
Changes in Weather/Climate: As most farmers know, extreme weather like heavy rains and drought have become more common in Ohio, and climate forecasts show this may continue into the future. Adapting to extreme weather means using production and marketing practices that help farmers weather these new conditions.
Growing Concern for Environmental Issues: The quality of our water and air is important now and for future generations. Farmers have an interest in reducing their environmental footprint. Polluted soil won’t grow crops or feed livestock, and overuse of fertilizers costs them money. They need to know the best way to increase their yield and protect their land while earning a living wage to support their family and farm workers. Public support for best management practices that reduce phosphorus runoff and the discovery of new, improved ways to grow food will make a difference.
Rural Economies: Only 40% of farmers in Ohio can support their families on farm income alone. That means, many farm families must work a second or third job to get benefits and boost household income. Their well-being is closely tied to how well their local economy is doing. Access to good schools, public services, and retail shopping affects the quality of life for farmers living in rural communities and could influence the ability and desire of young people to take over family farming operations.